ROSAPAT 08/2012 - KHIRBET AL-BATRAWY III. The EB II-III triple fortification line and the EB IIIB quarter inside the city-wall Preliminary report of the fourth (2008)and fifth (2009) seasons of excavations.ISBN 978-88-88438-11-5

STUDIES ON THE ARCHAEOLOGY OF PALESTINE & TRANSJORDAN

UNIVERSITÀ DI ROMA «LA SAPIENZA» DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZE DELL’ANTICHITÀ SEZIONE DI ORIENTALISTICA EXPEDITION TO PALESTINE & JORDAN

Edited by LORENZO NIGRO with contributions by LORENZO NIGRO, MAURA SALA, FRANCESCA ALHAIQUE, MARY ANNE TAFURI, LAURA MEDEGHINI, ENRICO ASCALONE and DARIA MONTANARI

CONTENTS
0. Premise: Rome “La Sapienza” Expedition to Jordan [by Lorenzo Nigro] ...................................................................................
0.1. Foreword: aims and results of the fourth (2008) and fifth (2009) seasons at Khirbet al-Batrawy .............................................................
0.1.1. The fourth season (2008) of excavations at Khirbet al-Batrawy .... vi 0.1.2. The fifth season (2009) of excavations at Khirbet al-Batrawy .......
0.2. Introduction to the present volume ....................................................
Acknowledgements ..........................................................................
1. Introduction [by Lorenzo Nigro]
1.1. Activities on the field: archaeological investigations and restorations in seasons 2008-2009 ........................................................................
1.1.1. Excavations in the fourth season (2008) .....................................
1.1.2. Excavations in the fifth season (2009) ........................................
1.1.3. Restorations in the fourth (2008) and fifth (2009) seasons ...........
1.2. Stratigraphy and chronology .............................................................
2. Area B North: the Early Bronze II-III fortification system [by Lorenzo Nigro] .................................................................................
2.1. Stratigraphy of Area B North [by Maura Sala] .....................................
2.1.1. Phase 1: abandonment ...........................................................
2.1.2. Phase 2: the Batrawy IVb embankment ....................................
2.1.3. Phase 3: stratigraphy of Batrawy IIIb fortification system ..........
2.1.4. Phase 4: stratigraphy of Batrawy IIIa fortification system ..........
2.1.5. Phase 5: stratigraphy of Batrawy II fortification system
2.2. Architecture & finds: the Early Bronze II-III fortifications [by Lorenzo Nigro]
2.2.1. The Batrawy II city-wall (Early Bronze II)
2.2.2. The Batrawy IIIa double line of fortifications (Early Bronze IIIA)
2.2.3. The Batrawy IIIb triple line of fortifications (Early Bronze IIIB)
2.2.4. The final destruction of Batrawy IIIb defensive system
2.2.5. The Batrawy IVb outer embankment (Early Bronze IVB)
List of pottery, objects and samples by contexts
Catalogue of pottery and small finds [by Maura Sala]
3. Area B South: the EB IIIB quarter and the EB IVB village inside the EB II-III Main City-Wall [by Lorenzo Nigro]
3.1. Stratigraphy of Area B South [by Maura Sala]
3.1.1. Phase 1: abandonment
3.1.2. Phase 2: stratigraphy of Batrawy IVb village
3.1.3. Phase 3: stratigraphy of Batrawy IIIb structures
3.2. Architecture & finds: the EB IIIB buildings inside the EB II-III Main City-Wall [by Lorenzo Nigro]
3.2.1. Building B2
3.2.2. Yard L.936
3.2.3. Building B1: the Eastern Pavilion
3.2.4. Building B3: the Western Pavilion
3.2.5. Peri-pomerial street L.1060
3.3. Architecture & finds: the EB IVB village inside the EB II-III Main City-Wall [by Lorenzo Nigro]
3.3.1. The Batrawy IVb earliest surfaces (Activity 2g)
3.3.2. The Batrawy IVb earliest dwellings (Activities 2f-e)
3.3.3. The floruit of the Batrawy IVb rural village (Activities 2d-b)
List of pottery, objects and samples by contexts
Catalogue of pottery small finds [by Maura Sala]
4. Bibliography
Appendix A. Faunal remains [by Francesca Alhaique]
Appendix B. Two infants from Khirbet al-Batrawy [by Mary Anne Tafuri]
Appendix C. Khirbet Kerak Ware from Khirbet al-Batrawy [by Maura Sala]
Appendix D. A preliminary archaeometric study of Khirbet Kerak Ware from Khirbet al-Batrawy, Jordan [by Laura Medeghini]
Appendix E. Balance weights from Khirbet al-Batrawy [by Enrico Ascalone]
Appendix F. Small finds from Khirbet al-Batrawy [by Daria Montanari]